The ASEAN region, comprising ten member countries which includes Malaysia, faces significant biosecurity threats that can disrupt public health, the environment, and the economy. These threats include emerging infectious diseases, biological warfare, and the spread of invasive species, driven by factors such as globalization, climate change, and urbanization. ASEAN’s unique geographical and socio-political landscape presents challenges in establishing effective biosecurity frameworks, including limited cross-border coordination, varying national capacities, and insufficient regulatory frameworks. Despite these challenges, the region has made strides in addressing biosecurity through regional cooperation initiatives such as the ASEAN Health and Agriculture sectors. Moving forward, ASEAN must strengthen collaboration among member states, enhance data sharing, develop harmonized policies, and invest in capacity-building programs. Prioritizing regional biosecurity will ensure resilience against future biological threats and safeguard the well-being of ASEAN citizens.